[{attributes:[{type:"ethnicity",val:"White"},{type:"ethnicity",val:"Asian"},{type:"Language",val:"English"}]}]

db.collection.update({"attributes.type":"ethnicity","attributes.val":{$in:["Asian","White"]}},[{$set:{attributes:{$map:{input:"$attributes",in:{$mergeObjects:["$$this",{val:{$switch:{branches:[{case:{$and:[{$eq:["ethnicity","$$this.type"]},{$eq:["Asian","$$this.val"]}]},then:"East Asian"},{case:{$and:[{$eq:["ethnicity","$$this.type"]},{$eq:["Caucasian","$$this.val"]}]},then:"White"}],default:"$$this.val"}}}]}}}}}])