[{"inventorydata":[{"ubicación":"principal","codigo":"123","descripcion":"prueba 1"},{"ubicación":"secundaria","codigo":"123","descripcion":"prueba 2"},{"ubicación":"tercera","codigo":"789","descripcion":"prueba 3"}],"_id":"5fff69999119ae1a049955d3","codigo_inventario":"ed9825f7-647b-443d-8e4c-69acf30cb292","createdAt":"2021-01-13T21:43:53.318Z","__v":0}]

db.collection.find({},{"inventorydata":{"$elemMatch":{"codigo":"123"}}})