Database

[{"_id":"5e517d80da6c3746d416f918","firstName":"israel","lastName":"k","maritalStatus":"Single","createdBy":"5e4d918ba81c963ed8d51d25","createdAt":"2020-02-22T19:14:08.152Z","__v":1,"lastTreatment":"2022-03-08T20:29:25.779Z","treatments":[{"diagnoses":["a","b"],"_id":"5e6555a51567d032640a72f7","visitReason":"balba","treatmentNumber":1,"createdBy":"5e4d918ba81c963ed8d51d25","treatmentDate":"2022-03-08T20:29:25.779Z"},{"diagnoses":["a","c"],"_id":"5e6555a51567d032640a72f7","visitReason":"blabla","treatmentNumber":2,"createdBy":"5e4d918ba81c963ed8d51d25","treatmentDate":"2022-03-08T20:29:25.779Z"}]},]

Query

db.collection.aggregate([{$project:{_id:1,firstName:1,lastName:1,maritalStatus:1,createdBy:1,createdAt:1,__v:1,lastTreatment:{$max:"$treatments.treatmentDate"},diagnoses:{$reduce:{input:"$treatments",initialValue:[],in:{$setUnion:["$$value","$$this.diagnoses"]}}}}}])

Result