Database

[{"categories":["value1","value2"]},{"categories":["123"," "]},{"categories":[]},{"abc":1},{"categories":123}]

Query

db.collection.aggregate([{$match:{$expr:{$eq:[{$type:"$categories"},"array"]}}},{$addFields:{categories:{$map:{input:"$categories",in:{$toUpper:"$$this"}}}}}])

Result